Varanasi’s 10-Point Miracle: How a Bold Strategy Transformed Thousands of Lives
The ancient city of Varanasi, known for its spiritual significance, is also home to a crisis that has been haunting the community for years — malnutrition. Despite being a cultural and historical hub, the city was grappling with one of the highest rates of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) in the country, especially among children. According to the 2019 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), a staggering 13.3% of children aged zero to six in Varanasi were suffering from SAM.But today, a remarkable transformation is underway in this part of Uttar Pradesh. Thanks to the committed efforts of two IAS officers, S Rajalingam and Himanshu Nagpal, a 10-point strategy has not only reduced malnutrition but has also given thousands of children the chance to grow up healthy, strong, and full of life.A Tale of Resilience: Vartika’s TransformationAmong the many success stories, the transformation of little Vartika stands out. Just a few months ago, Vartika, a two-year-old from Cholapur, was too frail to walk, weighing only 7.1 kg a dangerously low weight for a child her age. Her condition was heartbreaking, but within just 15 days at one of Varanasi’s Mini Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs), Vartika emerged as a different child. She could walk, run, and even dance a proof to the power of dedicated care and support.Her transformation shows the success of the program and is a shining example of the profound impact it has had on children across Varanasi. “Her weight increased to 7.6 kg, but more importantly, she left with a smile on her face,” says Himanshu Nagpal, the Chief Development Officer leading the initiative.The 10-Point Strategy: A Multifaceted ApproachIn response to the alarming statistics, the district administration, led by Rajalingam and Nagpal, launched the 10-Point Kashi Strategy, a comprehensive plan that focused on tackling malnutrition on multiple fronts.1)Revamping Anganwadi CentresOne of the first steps in this strategy was to renovate and expand the Anganwadi centres, which are critical for early childhood development. The administration took the bold step of renovating 2,200 existing centres and building 600 new ones. These centres were given proper infrastructure to make them inviting for children to attend regularly.2)Nutritional Support with a TwistTo improve the nutritional absorption of children, a daily regimen of iron and multivitamin supplements, along with millet-based foods like ragi laddoos and millet bars, was introduced. This initiative ensured that children received daily nutrition that was not only adequate but also tasty and easy to consume.3)Data Accuracy for Effective MonitoringAn essential part of this strategy was improving data accuracy through the POSHAN Tracker. This digital tool allowed for real-time monitoring of children’s nutritional statuses, ensuring that no child fell through the cracks.4)Decentralized Mini Nutritional Rehabilitation CentresUnderstanding the challenges faced by parents, particularly daily wage earners, in accessing centralised NRCs, the administration set up 2,700 mini-NRCs at the block level. This decentralisation allowed for greater accessibility and helped treat a higher number of children.5)Maternal and Newborn CareThe initiative also addressed the nutritional needs of mothers and newborns, with the establishment of 12 Mother and Newborn Care Units (MNCUs) and Special Newborn Care Units (SNCUs). Methods like Kangaroo Care, where babies are held against their mothers' chests, ensured that newborns gained weight healthily.6)Promoting BreastfeedingExclusive breastfeeding was promoted across the district, leading to a 30% increase in its practice. The involvement of "buddy mothers" who shared their experiences made the journey more relatable for new mothers.7)Community EngagementOver 3,914 Anganwadi workers, helpers, and supervisors played an indispensable role in implementing the strategy. These individuals became the backbone of the effort, making daily impacts that led to dramatic improvements in children’s health.8)Revitalizing the Food SystemThe introduction of fortified foods like ready-to-eat barfi (a milk-based sweet) and daliya (broken wheat) ensured that children got essential nutrients throughout the day, drastically improving their health.9)Innovations in MeasurementTraditional manual scales were replaced with digital equipment to measure children's weight and height accurately. This change helped track progress more effectively.10)Regular Monitoring and AccountabilityRegular follow-ups, surprise visits by senior officials, and random calls to families ensured transparency and accountability. This helped in assessing the success of the program and making necessary adjustments.Achieving the Impossible: A Drop in SAM CasesThe results of this massive effort have been nothing short of miraculous. Between 2021 and mid-2024, the number of children suffering from Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) in Varanasi dropped from 24,820 to just 316. Likewise, the number of children suffering from Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) plummeted from 46,478 to 6,936.These numbers are a proof of the power of collective action and compassionate leadership. But behind the statistics are stories like that of Vartika, and countless others whose lives have been touched by this initiative.A New Dawn for Varanasi’s ChildrenNeelam Singh, an Anganwadi worker from Rasulpur village, shares her joy: “We now have digital weight-measuring devices, and our centre has been recently repainted. The children are happier and healthier, and we’ve had no malnourished children in our centre for a long time.”The sense of hope is palpable. Parents, teachers, and Anganwadi workers alike feel the shift, as children in rural areas of Varanasi now grow up healthier and more vibrant, leaving behind the shackles of malnutrition.Varanasi’s 10-Point Strategy is more than just a battle against malnutrition; it is a fight for a brighter future for every child in the district. It is a reminder that when we come together with purpose, compassion, and dedication, we can turn the tide on even the most pressing challenges.As Himanshu Nagpal puts it,"This initiative isn’t just about food and nutrition; it’s about turning the tide towards a future where every child has the right to thrive.”